Miscellaneous+Rupture

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=**Topic: Gay rights**= =Position: For gay rights=


 * L. Worsnop, Richard. "Gay Rights." //CQ Researcher//. March 5, 1993. Web. . ||

Kelsey
 * __Gay marriage__**
 * 1) Now demanding equal rights
 * 2) Overturning the military's ban on gay and lesbian personnel is their most immediate aim
 * 3) Conservatives, on the other hand, insist that homosexuality is a freely chosen behavior that can be modified. Thus, they say, gays and lesbians are demanding “special rights .”
 * 4) When Bill Clinton proposed lifting the military's ban on homosexuals during the 1992 presidential campaign, he encountered only scattered criticism.
 * 5) in the 1960s as newly formed gay-rights groups pressed the federal government to change its policies against hiring homosexuals ( eventually this discrimination was banned )
 * 6) ​At the time the APA resolution was adopted, 42 states and the District of Columbia had laws making consensual sodomy a crime.
 * 7) A nationwide Los Angeles Times poll conducted in the fall of 1983 reported that 52 percent of those queried opposed homosexual relations between consenting adults
 * 8) 46 percent said they were very unsympathetic to the homosexual community
 * 9) 63 percent said they would be very upset if they had a homosexual child.
 * 10) On the other hand, 52 percent of the respondents said they favored laws to protect homosexuals against job discrimination, while 50 percent said the armed services should not have the right to discharge an individual because he or she is gay or lesbian.
 * 11) The AIDS epidemic, which has struck the homosexual community with particular force over the past decade, has both helped and hobbled the campaign for gay and lesbian rights
 * 12) Defense Department in 1982. It states, in part: “Homosexuality is incompatible with military service".
 * 13) Gay-rights groups say the police experience shows that openly homosexual men and women could blend smoothly into a military environment if given the chance.
 * No, they couldn't, say Pentagon officials. They insist there are fundamental differences between police and military service, the main one being that lower-ranking military personnel sleep in sexually segregated quarters that typically afford little privacy.“President Clinton will have
 * 1) a 95-day honeymoon with the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgendered communities,” said Billy Hileman, a national co-chairman of the march. “On April 25, the president can have 1 million grateful supporters or 1 million angry citizens on his doorstep.” ( Bill Clinton supported gays)
 * 2) Some liberal educators contend that children should be taught, even as early as grade school, to be tolerant of homosexuals. Conservatives disagree, arguing that the underlying aim of such instruction is to further the “gay agenda.”
 * 3) When New York City Schools Chancellor Joseph A. Fernandez introduced the “Children of the Rainbow” curriculum in 1992, he said its goal was to promote tolerance for all -- including children from nontraditional households
 * 4) Fairfax County, Va., near Washington, after the school board adopted a policy last July banning verbal abuse based on “sexual preference.”
 * 5) Sean Bryant, a student representative on the Fairfax school board, was one of those who voted for the original language in July. “There are a lot of sexist comments made in our schools,” he told The Washington Post before the board voted to revise the wording. “We need to come out and say ‘sexual orientation.'”*
 * 6) Of all the legal issues faced by homosexuals, none may be more poignant than child custody and adoption
 * 7) In disputes between parents, courts are required to determine such rights based on the “best interests of the child.” Several courts have used the best-interests standard to deny custody to gay and lesbian parents.
 * 8) Only Florida and New Hampshire have statutes expressly prohibiting homosexuals from adopting children
 * 9) Ohio appeals court held in 1988 that homosexuals are ineligible to be adoptive parents because it “is not the business of the government to encourage homosexuality.”
 * 10) Massachusetts has regulations intended to prevent gay men and lesbians from becoming foster parents.”*
 * 11) Even in states with no legal bar to adoptions by homosexuals, some courts are unsympathetic to the idea
 * 12) Gays face more problems with childrearing than lesbians do
 * 13) Public attitudes toward gay rights remain deeply ambivalent, according to a poll conducted by Newsweek magazine
 * 14) 45 percent said gay rights threatened the American family and its values
 * 15) Approve Disapprove Health insurance for gay spouses 67% 27% Inheritance rights for gay spouses 70% 25% Social security for gay spouses 58% 35% Legally sanctioned gay marriages 35% 58% Adoption rights for gay spouses 32% 61% Source: Newsweek Poll, Aug. 27, 1992; published in Newsweek, Sept. 14, 1992
 * 16) is not the business of the government to encourage homosexuality.”

"Update: Same-Sex Marriage." //Issues & Controversies On File:// n. pag. //Issues & Controversies//. Facts On File News Services, 26 Mar. 2009. Web. 2 Dec. 2009. []. __Gay Marriage__ Alec Brulia and Andy Lantz


 * 1) Massachusetts is only state that allows same sex marriage. AL
 * 2) Critics opposing gay marriage believe that marriage should only be between heterosexual people AL
 * 3) While homosexuals counter act this argument saying marriage is a basic human right that should not be denied. AL
 * 4) People opposing say that marriage is about building families and geared to making children. AL
 * 5) Opponents of gay marriage denounce the fact that tolerance for homosexuality in the U.S. is increasing and shouldn’t be encouraged by federal laws.AL
 * 6) Gay marriage doesn’t threaten the purity of marriage unlike critics opposing say. AL
 * 7) More and more gay couples are raising children and say that marriage is a legal protection of their children AL
 * 8) Gay supporters say that such marriage should be allowed under the law and banding gay marriage is breaking the law of equal rights. AL
 * 9) Critics of gay marriage say that it should not be legalized and could harm the institution of marriage. AL
 * 10) In 2000, Vermont became the first state to recognize gay civil unions. AL
 * 11) On June 2003 the Supreme courts said it was unconstitutional to band gay marriage. AL
 * 12) Bill Clinton signed into law the defense of marriage which defined marriage as man and women. AL
 * 13) Congress drew up a constitutional amendment to band gay marriage. AL
 * 14) Same sex marriage emerged at major political issue in the 1990’s AL
 * 15) In 1996 the federal government enacted its own such law, in the form of the DOMA. The bill denied federal recognition and benefits to same-sex marriages AL
 * 16) South Dakota updates its marriage law to define marriage as a personal relation, between a man and a woman, arising out of a civil contract to which the consent of parties capable of making it is necessary. AB
 * 17) On November 1998 voter in Hawaii approved the new constitutional amendment ending the battle over same sex marriage in Hawaii. AB
 * 18) U.S. Supreme Court in June 2003 ruled, 6-3, that a Texas law banning sodomy between consenting same-sex adults was unconstitutional. AB
 * 19) California passed a law that would grant same-sex couples the same rights as those enjoyed by heterosexual married couples. AB
 * 20) California ballot initiative in 2000 that would have enlarged the definition of  marriage   to include same-sex couples. That initiative had been rejected by California voters. AB
 * 21) The recent victories for  gay  -rights advocates culminated in the November decision by the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court. AB
 * 22) Massachusetts found that the state had "failed to identify any constitutionally adequate reason for denying civil  marriage  to same-sex couples. AB
 * 23) The difference between Massachusetts decision and Vermont’s decision was Massachusetts court did not give the state the option of not recognizing gay marriage. AB
 * 24) The problem of gay marriage first arrived during 1990 in Honolulu, Hawaii, where a lesbian couple was denied the right to a marriage license. AB
 * 25) In 1996 Congress passed the Defense of Marriage Act. AB
 * 26) Defense of Marriage Act states that marriage is specifically between man and woman. AB
 * 27) In 1997 gay couples established domestic partnerships which is a legal union between two people, but doesn’t grant all the rights of marriage. AB
 * 28) Federal government does not allow same-sex couples to sign and fill out federal income tax returns. AB
 * 29) Do not receive social security benefits of heterosexual couples AB
 * 30) Do not get benefits when partner dies or retires. AB


 * "Gay-rights movement." //Encyclopedia//. 2008. Web. . ||

__**Gay Rights-Movement**__ Kelsey Horch Gay rights movement:
 * 1) gay-rights movement organized efforts to end the criminalization of homosexuality and protect the civil rights of homosexuals
 * 2) Laws protecting homosexuals from discrimination also have been enacted, but largely at the local level; by 1999 only 11 states had such laws
 * 3) Opposition to such laws, particularly from conservative religious groups, has often been strong, and opponents of gay-rights measures
 * 4) In 1992, Colorado became the first state to nullify existing civil-rights protection for homosexuals the provision was stuck down by the U.S. Supreme Court in 1996
 * 5) By means of a statewide public referendum in 1998, Maine became the first state to repeal its gay-rights statute.
 * 6) Spousal benefits, such as health insurance and pension plans for long-term domestic partners, and the legal recognition of same-sex couples ( "gay marriages" ) also became important gay-rights issues in the 1990s
 * 7) [gay rights movement] begun with the Stonewall riot (June, 1969) in New York City, which resulted from a police raid on an illegal gay bar
 * 8) By 1999 the antisodomy laws of 32 states had been repealed or declared unconstitutional; in all but five of the remaining states
 * 9) 1993 the Defense Dept., at President Clinton's order, changed the ban on homosexuals in the military to a ban on homosexual activity
 * 10) "don't ask, don't tell," was presented as a way to allow gays in the military to serve without fear of discharge or other penalty as long as they did not reveal their sexual orientation.
 * 11) appeared to have done little to change the precarious status of gay soldiers
 * 12) Most other NATO nations permit openly homosexual men and women to serve in their armed forces. Beginning in 1995, homosexuals were no longer automatically denied U.S. government security clearances.
 * 13) beginning in the mid-1990s, many states began explicitly banning same-sex marriages
 * 14) In 2003, Massachusetts' highest court ruled that homosexual couples have the constitutional right to marry, and the state began issuing licenses for same-sex marriages in May, 2004
 * 15) The supreme courts in California and Connecticut overturned those states' bans on same-sex marriage in 2008, but voters in California subsequently passed a constitutional amendment banning it
 * 16) some conservatives, including President George W. Bush, have called for a constitutional amendment to ban same-sex marriages
 * 17) few nations (Canada, Spain, the Netherlands, Belgium, France, Germany, Great Britain, the Scandinavian countries, New Zealand, South Africa, and Uruguay) offer some form of official recognition to homosexual couples
 * 18) Many non-Western countries consider consensual homosexual acts crimes (in some Islamic nations, capital crimes).
 * 19) A few other states, all of which ban gay marriage, recognize same-sex domestic partnerships, which offer fewer rights than civil unions
 * 20) Beginning in 1995, homosexuals were no longer automatically denied U.S. government security clearances.
 * 21) The Supreme Court overturned all state antisodomy laws in 2003; it ruled that a Texas law applying only to homosexuals was unconstitutional
 * 22) but at the same time the Court repudiated a 1986 decision in which it had refused to extend the right of privacy to consensual sexual acts.
 * 23) the modern gay-rights movement in the United States is usually said to have begun with the Stonewall riot
 * 24) Stonewall riot (June, 1969) in New York City, which resulted from a police raid on an illegal gay bar
 * 25) A number of groups formed to work for the repeal of laws prohibiting consensual homosexual conduct (during gay-rights movement)
 * 26) theorists have argued, that the boundaries between "homosexual" and "heterosexual" are not necessarily rigid
 * 27) homosexuality a term created by 19th cent. theorists to describe a sexual and emotional interest in members of one's own sex
 * 28) A survey of 190 societies around the world (1951) reported that homosexual practices were considered acceptable behavior in approximately 70% of them.
 * 29) In the United States today, the law's approach to homosexual acts has varied from state to state: In most states, unharmful private sexual acts of any kind between consenting adults were by the late 20th cent
 * 30) The outbreak in the early 1980s of AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome), which initially came to public notice as occurring among male homosexuals in the united states.

Gays in the Military." //Issues & Controversies On File:// n. pag. //Issues & Controversies//. Facts On File News Services, 24 Jan. 2007. Web. 3 Dec. 2009. .


 * __Homosexuality in the military__** Andy Lantz

>> >> >> >> >> >> >> >> >> >> >> >> >> >> >> >> >> >> >> “Homosexual Parenting.” //Issues & Controversies On File:// n. pag. //Issues & Controversies//. Facts On File News Services, 10 Apr. 2006. Web. 3 Dec. 2009. . >> __**Homosexual Adoption**__ >> Alec Brulia
 * 1) For nearly 50 years, it has been the U.S. military's official policy to exclude homosexuals from service.
 * 2) Gays haven’t always been banned from the war they’ve in fact have served in the
 * 3) November 1992, President-elect Clinton told Americans that he planned to lift the military's long-standing ban on  gay  s and lesbians.
 * 4) 1993 Clinton faced powerful military and congressional opposition to lifting the ban against gays and lesbians not serving in the military.
 * 5) Conservatives, military leaders and some lawmakers of both parties argued that the presence of declared homosexuals in the armed forces would be harmful to military readiness.
 * 6) The leaders said letting the gays and lesbians serve would destroy overall moral and erode good discipline and order.
 * 7) The compromise known as don't ask, don't tell, allowed  gay  s and lesbians to serve in the military as long as they did not proclaim their homosexuality or engage in homosexual conduct.
 * 8) The policy marked a change from past practice in that simply being homosexual was no longer a disqualifier for military service.
 * 9) Liberals were not happy with this decision because the military could still kick out gays or lesbians if they reveal themselves.
 * 10) Some liberals disagree with the policy arguing that is punishes gays and lesbians for committing to the same behavior that a heterosexual are free to engage in.
 * 11) The SLDN and ACLU have supported gay serves members in legal challenges to the policy.
 * 12) In the 1920s and 1930s, homosexuality was treated as a criminal offense, punishable by imprisonment.
 * 13) The 1960s and 1970s saw increasingly stringent policies enacted against  gay  s and lesbians, although in RARE cases openly  gay  personnel were allowed to serve.
 * 14) Most recent legal challenge was in 1998 the U.S. District Judge in Washington, D.C. ruled that the Navy could not discharge a sailor on grounds of his homosexuality.
 * 15) A major reason the policy has not worked, say its critics, is that improper investigations of service members are tolerated and goes unpunished.
 * 16) Defenders of the "don't ask, don't tell" policy argue that the  military  must do what it needs to maintain the strongest possible fighting force.
 * 17) Justice department lawyers have argued that courts should not take up to the policy because such matters are best left to  military  expertise.
 * 18) Defenders of the ban and of the  military  's current policy dispute the notion that  military  personnel should be afforded the same constitutional protections as civilians
 * 19) Policy supporters say that the military is a unique institution with it’s own set of rules. Opponents of the current policy believe that while the   military   may have a special status in society, courts still cannot permit it to violate the Constitution.
 * 20) Some conservatives groups oppose the current policy because it worn the absolute banned on gays.
 * 21)   Opponents of the current policy believe that while the   military   may have a special status in society, courts still cannot permit it to violate the Constitution.
 * 22) Some conservatives groups oppose the current policy because it worn the absolute banned on gays.
 * 23)   Many Liberals today still believe banding the gays from the military is unconstitutional and the current policy remains so.
 * 24) In 1993 100 legal scholars signed a letter to congress arguing the banned on gays and lesbians and all people should be treated alike.
 * 25) Many observers, liberal sand conservatives say the current policy on gays is sending a mixed message.
 * 26) Conservatives say that if the military doesn’t thinks that homosexuality is incompatible in the military then they shouldn’t let gays serve at all in the militar.
 * 27) Many say that the policy have led to confusion for the military leaders to enforce it, and for gay workers, who must put up with it.
 * 28)  Three-judge panel of the U.S. 2nd Circuit Court of Appeals in New York City ruled in September 1998 that the  military  ** ' ** s "don't ask, don't tell" policy toward  gays  was constitutional.
 * 29) The defense department had reported that in 1998 1,145 recruits have been removed from the military because they were homosexual.
 * 30) The Defense Department in August 1999 issued new guidelines to improve observance with its "don't ask, don't tell" policy. The rules would place new restrictions on investigations into soldiers' sexual orientation and would establish new anti-harassment training programs.
 * 31) Defense apartments announced in 2000 that the military would start a sensitivity program to stop harassment of homosexuality in the armed forces.
 * 1) People opposing homosexual parenting are religious groups or conservatives that claim it’s a sin and shouldn’t be encouraged.
 * 2) Should be judged on whether or not the parents are loving and caring rather than their homosexuality.
 * 3) Studies show that kids raised by homosexual parents adapt just as well to society than kids raised by heterosexual parents.
 * 4) Conservatives claim that homosexuals are adopting children to advance their civil rights and agenda, rather than doing what’s best for the child’s interest.
 * 5) Before 1960’s is was very rare to see homosexuals want to adopt children.
 * 6) A Virginian case in September of 1993, Sharon Bottoms was claimed an unfit parent due to her being a lesbian.
 * 7) Counter arguments to homosexuals adopting children say that America was built on man and wife with their children and say children aren’t guaranteed to live a normal life.
 * 8) Also claim that they wouldn’t have male and female models, or parents, to look up to for advice and might get confused about their own sexuality.
 * 9) Opposing critics say that the children have a higher rate or living an “abnormal lifestyle” or becoming gay themselves.
 * 10) The kids might be teased in school about their homosexual parents and have problems that contribute.
 * 11) It shouldn’t be judged on the sexual orientation of the parents but rather their ability to provide the basic essentials needed to live.
 * 12) Even heterosexuals can be abusive to their children and affect the lives of their children, so it shouldn’t be judged on sexuality.
 * 13) Opposing critics act like every child grown up in a heterosexual household will live a great and normal life but every child grown up in a homosexual household will live a terrible and abnormal life.
 * 14) Violation of rights when a biological child is taken from their parents just because of their homosexuality.
 * 15) Peoples hatred towards gays shouldn’t decide whether homosexuals can or cannot adopt children.
 * 16) People’s ignorance lies in the way.
 * 17) If more and more homosexual couples adopt children in a few years or decades it will become natural for children to grow up with seeing homosexual parents, unlike conservatives who believe the children will be harassed.
 * 18) Conservatives believe its unfair for a child to grow up in a homosexual household.
 * 19) Many conservatives also refer to the Bible and says that homosexuality is wrong
 * 20) People keep worrying about whether homosexuals can adopt or not when its not even a big issue, there is greater things to be worrying about
 * 21) The problem will not go away, so conservatives and religious organizations should accept that this is the way society is going and stop living in the past and in ignorance.
 * 22) People in the U.S. tolerance for gays is growing each day.
 * 23) Conservatives say they worry about the way America is going in.
 * 24) 18 states outlawed sodomy.
 * 25) Even with the rules and regulations homosexuals will continue to adopt.
 * 26) People need to realize the issue isn’t going away so people need to adapt and accept.
 * 27) Love makes a family.
 * 28) There are 500,000 kids in foster care that can be going to nurturing home of homosexuals.
 * 29) Canada, Netherlands, Spain, and Belgium legalize homosexual marriage.
 * 30) There are worse things in the world to worry about than whether homosexuals can or cannot adopt children.

Peters, Jeremy. “New York State Senate Votes Down Gay Marriage Bill.” __New York Times.__ 3 Dec. 2009.

__**New York Denies Same-Sex Marriage Bill**__ Alec Brulia
 * 1) Wednesday, December 3 the New York State Senate rejected a bill allowing gay couples to marry.
 * 2) 38 to 24 vote against the bill.
 * 3) Followed by more than a year of lobbying for gay rights.
 * 4) The issue cannot be brought up again until 2011.
 * 5) New legislature will be appointed in 2011 and then again be proposed to the state.
 * 6) Some fear that the issue is being pushed too much and too fast.
 * 7) Some were intimidated by certain forces
 * 8) A Republican who supported who was supportive of gay marriage dropped out after an uproar in her district she represented.
 * 9) Homosexuals say that it is inevitable that gay marriage will be legal one day.
 * 10) Some senators who said they would vote yes for the bill, switched at the last moment when they saw the bill was going to lose.

Say no to gay marriage." //N.Y. region// . 2009. Web. 7 Dec 2009. .

__Say no to gay marriage (New Jersey)__
Andy Lantz


 * 1) ======State allowed gay marriage would destroy traditional marriage, in the same way that counterfeit money======
 * 2) ======Gov. Jon Corzine said he would sign a same sex marriage bill======
 * 3) ======Chris Christie, given a thumbs-up by those same voters, says he will not.======
 * 4) ======** Most of the arguments for state certified gay weddings are based on out of order reasoning, but they seem persuasive because they unlawfully try to ride the coattails of legitimate ideas. **======
 * 5) ======Most of the news articles on gay marriage the couples will say “we’re in love”======
 * 6) ======Gay marriage is only supported in parts of post-modern Europe, and post-modern wannabes.======
 * 7) ======Many of the false arguments of gay marriage advocate the argument that same sex marriage is just like inter-racial marriage.======
 * 8) ======Many African Americans resent the equating of same-sex and inter racial marriage.======
 * 9) ======The debate of whether homosexuality behavior is a choice is a false issue. ======