The+Samples





Abrams, Stevens. __Death Penalty__. NA. December 1, 2009 .

1. States in US that do not have the death penalty (Alaska, Hawaii, Iowa, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Dakota, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and the District of Columbia.) (A.S.)

2. Executions in the US have declined since 1999 from 98 executions to just 37 in 2008. (A.S.)

3. Since 1973, over 130 people have been released from death rows. (A.S.)

4. 80% of all executions have taken place in the south since 1976. (A.S.)

5. From 1978-2008 there are a total of 1238 Executions in the US alone. (A.S.)
 * 6. **** From 1976-2008 in Texas and Virginia alone there was a total of 525 executions. ** (A.S.)

7. From 1976-2008 in the South there was a total of 525 executions**.** (A.S.)

8. In 1977, just 16 countries had abolished the death penalty for all crimes. (A.S.)

9. By 1988, 35 countries had done so and another 18 had abolished the death penalty for all but exceptional crimes like treason. (A.S.)

10. In 2008 the murdering rates of the top 14 states that support the death penalty was almost double than the murder rate of the lowest 14 states that do no support the death penalty. (A.S.)

11. There are over a 100 cases since 1977 that the prisoners had a mental illness. (A.S.)
 * 12. **** Since the U.S. Supreme Court reinstated the death penalty in 1976, 80% of all executions have taken place in the South. ** (A.S.)

13. On average, in the past decade more than three countries a year have abolished the death penalty for all crimes. (A.S.)

14. In ** Maryland ** death penalty cases cost 3 times more than non-death penalty cases, or $3 million for a single case. (A.S.) 15. 95% of all death row Inmates cannot afford there own attorney. (A.S.) 16. In ** Tennessee ** death penalty trials cost an average of 48% more than the average cost of other trials. (A.S.)

17. In ** California ** the current system costs $137 million per year; it would cost $11.5 million for a system without the death penalty. (A.S.) 18. The Race of the victims in a Penalty of Death case sentenced is mainly whites leading with 79% of victims of all cases. (A.S.)

19. In January of 2003 there was a study released from the University of Maryland saying that the race and geography are major factors in the outcome of death penalty decisions. (A.S.)

20. In June of 2007 a study of death penalty’s and death sentences was released from Yale University School of law showed that the African American received the penalty at three times the rate of white defendants. (A.S.)


 * 21. ** Prosecutors ** seek the death penalty ** far more frequently ** when the victim of a homicide is white, based on studies. ** (A.S.)

22. Some of the methods used to execute people around the world include beheading, electrocution, lethal injection and stoning. (A.S.)

23. During the Process of Execution by Lethal Injection, the Prisoner is strapped to a gurney, then two needle release saline in the prisoners veins, After the Prisoner is asleep ** pancuronium bromide is released to stop the prisoners breath then the flow of potassium fluoride stops the heart. ** (A.S.)

24. Some executions have lasted between 20 minutes or longer and prisoners have been seen gasping for air, grimacing and convulsing during executions(A.S.)

25. Autopsies have shown severe, foot long chemical burns to the skin and needles have been found in soft tissue. (A.S.)

26. The federal death penalty can be enacted in any state or territory of the United States, even in states that do not have the death penalty. (A.S.)

27. Three federal executions have taken place since 2001. There are currently over 50 prisoners on Federal death row. (A.S.)

28. There was 435 cases of the federal death penalty out of these prisoner 115 of them were white. (A.S.)

29. The U.S. military has its own death penalty statute, there was not and execution since 1961 since of January 2008. (A.S.)

30. Since January 2008 there are 9 men on the military death row 6 of those are African-American. (A.S.)

ACLU, ACLU. __The Case of the Death Penalty.__. 2009. December 2, 2009 . 1. Can be less painful then other options of punishment. (JL) 2. The death penalty will save lives and change the way people think about committing crimes.(JL) 3. States with out the death penalty have lower murder rates. (JL) 4. States with death penalty have a higher murder rate. (JL) 5. States without the death penalty will soon have to rethink it because murder rates are going up more and more each year.(JL) 6. There were 15,350 executions since the 1900’s. (JL) 7. There were 111 death sentences and 35 executions in 2008 so there not killing every person that is sentenced. (JL) 8. In 2007 there were around 120 death sentences and about 22 executions. (JL) 9. The people who committed the crime go through a multi step process before they are executed (if they will get executed). (JL) 10. There is a very slight chance that they will kill someone that is innocent because after court and the process after will determine whether they really are guilty or not. (JL) 11. There are 3200 people on death row right now. (JL) 12. There are a numerous numbered of people that are African American getting executed. 13. Not as many Latinos or Natives. 14. There are few people that are put on death row or exaction that are poor or have mental disabilities, but they usually make it out of death row. 15. People will react differently to the injection or chair or anyway they decide to execute the person, so what ever happens isn’t the governments fault, they can’t decide how the person will react to the penalty before they die. So if the person suffers, they suffer. (JL) 16. Officers will not go through as much assault from the “prisoners.” 17. 35 out of 50 states have the death penalty. 15 states don’t. (JL) 18. The number of crimes and death rows increase little by little each year. At least by 2% (JL) 19. Not every one that gets sentenced on death row is going to be executed. (JL) 20. People that think about committing crime will think twice now knowing they can get the death penalty as a result. (JL) 21. People say, “ since the society has the highest interest in preventing murder then they should use the strongest punishment available to deter murder and it’s the death penalty”(JL) 22. This means that if people know that they will get the death penalty, then they will think twice about killing or doing any other state crime. (JL) 23. It even takes years for execution to take place, so the people would not be killed right away.(JL) 24. States with higher murder rates would have even more rates if the death penalty was not available.(JL) 25. it is proven that the death penalty is a way to prevent future lives and protect the lives of other people. (JL) 26. “Death penalties are the only way they (police) could deter prisoners already sentenced to life that attempted to kill a guard.”(JL) 27. States that don’t have the death penalty as a punishment of crime, don’t have as many murders.(JL) 28. Most crimes happen under the influence of drugs or alcohol which most people shouldn’t be using.(JL) 29. 84% of people that commit a state crime are killed by the death penalty. (JL) 30. State thinks that execution doesn’t deter murder.(JL) 31. “On duty officers don’t suffer as high of a rate of criminal assault/homicide in abolitionist states than they do in death-penalty states”(JL)

unknown, unknown. __death penaltyinfo__. May 9 2009. 12/3/09 . Destruction vehicles resulting in death.(GC) || 1. Murder committed during a drug-related drive-by shooting. (GC) 2. Murder committed at an airport (GC) 3. Revenge murder of a member of the family of law enforcement officials. (GC) || 4. Civil rights offenses resulting in death. (GC) || 5. Murder of a member of Congress, an important executive official, or a Supreme Court Justice. (GC) 6. Espionage.(Spying) (GC) || 7. Death resulting from offenses involving transportation of explosives, destruction of government property, or destruction of property related to foreign or interstate trade. (GC) || 8. Murder committed by the use of a firearm during a crime of violence or a drug-trading crime. (GC) 9. Murder committed in a Federal Government facility. (GC) || 10. Genocide.(Mass murder) (GC) 11. Murder that is planned willful and premeditated. (GC) 12. Murder of a Federal judge or a Police officer. (GC) || 13. Murder of a foreign ambassador. (GC) || 14. Murder by a prisoner of the government. (GC) 15. Murder of a U.S. national in a foreign country. (GC) || 16. Murder by an escaped Federal prisoner already sentenced to life in jail. (GC) 17. Murder of a State or police officer or other person helping in a Federal investigation or a murder of a State correctional officer. (GC) || 18. Murder during a kidnapping. (GC) 19. Murder during a hostage taking. (GC) || 20. Murder of a court officer (Judge) or juror. (GC) 21. Murder with the intent of preventing testimony by a witness, victim, or informant. (GC) 22. Revenge murder of a witness, victim, or informant. (GC) || 23. Mailing of injurious articles with intent to kill or resulting in death. (GC) || 24. Assassination or kidnapping resulting in the death of the President or Vice President (GC) || 25. Murder for hire (Assassination, bounty hunting) (GC) 26. Murder involved in a racketeering offense.(Murder involved with the carrying out legal crimes) (GC) || 27. Willful wrecking of a train resulting in death. (GC) 28. Bank-robbery-related murder or kidnapping. (GC) || 29. Murder related to a Grand Theft Auto. (GC) 30. Murder related to rape or child molestation. (GC) || 31. Murder related to sexual exploitation of children. (GC) 32. Murder committed during an offense against maritime navigation. (GC) || 33. Murder committed during an offense against a maritime fixed platform. (GC) 34. Terrorist murder of a U.S. national in another country. (GC) || 35. Murder by the use of a weapon of mass destruction. (GC) 36. Murder involving torture. (GC) || 37. Giving aid to enemy counties.(Treason) (GC) || 38. Murder related to a continuing criminal crime business or related murder of a Federal, State, or local law Police officer. (GC) 39. Death resulting from aircraft hijacking. (GC)
 * Capital Offences resulting in the Death Penalty: ||

Jeremy, Eagle. __Death Penalty__. June 29, 2009. .

1. All but 12 states and Washington D.C use the death penalty to punish convicted killers. (BP) 2. Over 1,000 people have been executed since 1976. (BP) 3. Texas is the leader in executions since1976 by putting 369 prisoners to death. (BP) 4. Nearly 84% of the executions since 1976 have been done by lethal injection. (BP) 5. Other methods of execution are electrocution, hanging and exposure to poisonous gas. (BP) 6. Death by firing squad has only been used twice as a capital punishment method since 1976. (BP) 7. Death by firing squad is still a legal method of execution Idaho and Oklahoma but is only used as a last resort. (BP) 8. The last public execution in the U.S. occurred in 1936 in Owensboro, Ky., when Rainey Bethea was hanged for the rape and murder of a 70-year-old woman. (BP) 9. Executions are now limited to only a few witnesses, including family members of the executed prisoner as well as those of his or her victims. (BP) 10. In early 1972, the Supreme Court ruled by a 5-4 majority that not only was Furman's death sentence unfair, but that the death penalty itself was unconstitutional. (BP) 11. The 1972 decision essentially overruled any state laws that promoted the death penalty. (BP) 12. Death sentences remained illegal until 1976. (BP) 13. In 1976 the Supreme Court voted, 7-2, to reinstate the death penalty, in the case //Gregg v. Georgia.// (BP) 14. After the //Gregg v. Georgia// Supreme Court decision, most states chose to restore their death penalty laws. (BP) 15. Utah put convicted killer Gary Gilmore in front of a firing squad in 1977, making him the first person executed in the U.S. since 1967. (BP) 16. Executions were relatively rare during the 15 year period following the //Gregg// decision. (BP) 17. From 1977 to 1991, the U.S. carried out just 140 executions, according to the U.S. Bureau of Justice. (BP) 18. In comparison, there were 140 executions in the year 1935 alone. (BP) 19. Execution rates have increased throughout the 1990s. (BP) 20. More than 100 prisoners have been proved innocent and released from death  row since1976. (BP) 21. Approximately 68 of those 100-plus prisoners were exonerated not because of being proven innocent, but due to some technicality, such as prosecutorial misconduct or failure to prove guilt beyond a "reasonable doubt."(BP) 22. 13 of the more than 100 exonerated and released death  -row prisoners in the U.S. had been from the state of Illinois. (BP) 23. As of 2006 2/3 of Americans favored the death penalty.(BP) 24. In 2005 lawmakers wanted to add 41 death penalty  -eligible crimes.(BP) 25. In a compromise the House and Senate narrowed down that list of 41 to just 3.(BP) 26. In 2002, the Supreme Court found that executing mentally retarded people violated the Eighth Amendment.(BP) 27. In the 2005 Supreme Court case //Roper v. Simmons//, the court ruled that the death penalty  could not be imposed for crimes committed before a defendant turned 18 years old.(BP) 28. Experts say that on average prisoners spend more than 12 years on death  row before being executed.(BP) 29. Sentencing criminals to death sentences has declined since 1998.(BP) 30. In 1998, 300 convicted killers received death sentences and in 2004 only 125 convicted killers received a death sentence.(BP)

NA, NA. __Death Penalty Information Community__. 11/10/09. December 4, 2009 .

1. John Allen Muhhamed was executed on November 10, 2009 for the crimes of killing 10 people in locations of Maryland, Virginia and D.C. One victim of his killings was Iran Brown, 13 years old living in Bowie, Maryland.(A.S.) 2. Kristen Oliver was executed, on November 5, 2009 for the slaying of Joe Collins, when Oliver broke into Collins house in 1989, all of Collins companions received prison from ages 5 to 99. (A.S.) 3. Jose Martin Juno, was executed on November 10, 2009 for forcing his way in to the residence and shot and robbed a Hispanic male, later dying of bullet rounds. (A.S.) 4. Helebeirto Chi was executed on August 7, 2009 for the crimes of murder of a 58 year old white man, who was a manager of a Men’s Clothing store. Chi also robbed this store the same date. (A.S.) 5. Kevin Watts was executed on October 18, 2009 for the crimes of entering a restaurant and shooting an Asian male and two Asian females, he then took another Asian female and sexually assaulted her. (A.S.) 6. William Earl Lyned was executed on May 6, 2009 for the crimes of the murder of two females, one he shot on Christmas day on the road when she trying to meet her family for a Christmas gathering. (A.S.) 7. Earl Westly Baker was executed on May, 21 2009 for the kidnapping and murder of Mary Bounds, after she was leaving church choir, later police found her body on the side of a road. (A.S.) 8. Kevin Green was executed on May 27, 2009 for the crimes of robbing a convenience store and shooting the two owners, married, the wife died for abdominal wounds, leaving the husband alive with bullet wounds. (A.S.) 9. Karl Chamberlain was executed on June 17, 2009 after the murder after the shooting of a teenage girl. (A.S.) 10. James Earl Reed was executed on June 20, 2008, for the crimes of killing his ex-girlfriend parents. (A.S.)

NA, NA. __Death Penalty Information Community__. 11/10/09. December 4, 2009 .

· Robert Jean Hudson was convicted in the May 7, 1999 for the murder of a 35-year-old black female and the attempted murder of her 9-year-old son.(BP) · He stabbed the female 7 times in the chest and slashed her 9 year old son twice in the throat. (BP) · He was on Texas death row and was executed on November 20, 2008.(BP) · Marco Chapman murdered a 7-year-old girl and a 6-year-old boy in their home in Warsaw, Kentucky.(BP) · He was sentenced to death on December 14, 2004.(BP) · He was on Kentucky Death Row and was executed on November 21, 2008.(BP) · On March 1, 2002, in San Antonio, Texas, Watts entered a restaurant and fatally shot 1 Asian male and 2 Asian females. Watts then kidnapped a fourth victim, a Asian female, sexually assaulted her and took her to codefendant Bolden's residence where he allowed Bolden to sexually assault her · He was on Texas Death Row and was executed on October 16, 2008. (BP)
 * 1) People executed in 2008, there were 20 white people and 18 black.(JL)
 * 2) 37 total executions in the US in 2008. All 37 were men.(JL)
 * 3) 36 executions were by lethal injection and one was used by electrical chair.(JL)
 * 4) Most people that are executed are men, very few women.(JL)
 * 5) Gregory L. Bryant-Bey - Ohio Death Row - Scheduled Execution for November 19, 2008 was charged his life for aggravated murder and aggravated robbery. They will execute him by lethal injection. He would turn 53 on August 6. He also had committed 2 murders in years past. He is the first scheduled guy for death row in the state of Ohio. His final statement was” My heart was seeking a sense of fairness and a dose of justice, but it was not to be," Bryant-Bey said, his last words as he lie on the lethal injection table, clutching a rosary.”(JL)
 * 6) Denard Manns - Texas Death Row - Scheduled Execution for August 25, 2008 for the sexual assault murder and robbery from the same 26 year old female after barging into her home. Final statement was that he loves 2 people that are very special too him and he is ready for the transition.(JL)
 * 7) Denard Manns - Texas Death Row - Scheduled Execution for August 25, 2008 for murdering a 17 year old female and abusing her. Also for the murder of her mother and 5 year old daughter. His last statement before his death of lethal injection was, “First off I'd like to say to Mr. and Mrs. Carrier, I apologize for your pain and suffering. I pray Lord, please forgive me. To my family, to my brother Gerard, I love you, Harold, I love you. To my step father Paul, I love you. Momma, I will always love you. Take care of my daughters, Kaneisha and Ieisha. Dad loves you. Continue to pray for me, I am fine. I have made peace with God. Please don't ever forget me. I love you mom. I love you all, take care. I love you too pop, keep your head up. Take care. I am going to sleep.”(JL)
 * 8) Elkie Taylor - Texas Death Row - Scheduled Execution for November 6, 2008 for committing for illegal drugs, robbery and later a murder. He was in a mental home with illegal drugs and he was suppose to be helping people there but he was looking for things to steal. With his final statement was asking for god and his family/friends to forgive him and that they don’t have to worry about him because he’s going home! He told the people to start injecting as he mumbled “ Don’t forget to tell my daughter….” Then he was pronounced dead. (JL)
 * 9) Mostly all the cases are from murder, robbery, and rape. Usually the person committed all 323 of these.(JL)
 * 10) There are usually more men executed then women because there aren’t a lot of women on death row. (JL)

Steven, Stuart. __Prosecuting the Death Penalty__. April 4 2008. 12/6/09 . Zachariah Melcher charged with the murder of his 8 month pregnant wife and 10 year old son. Charged with the death sentence for murder on three counts, got a jail sentence for 65 years.
 * __ State of Indiana v. __**** __Zachariah Melcher__ **
 * __ State of Indiana v. Theodore Helfenbei __**** n **
 * Theodore Helfenbein charged with murder, possession of illegal weapon, possession of a hand gun and a habitual offender, killed his son to “keep him from the rest of the world” got away with 94 years in prison. **
 * __ State of Indiana v. James Kenneth Utley __**
 * Utley charged with multiple murders and burglary killed a mother and her 3 year old son with a shot to the fore head of each, got away with a sentence of 100 years in prison. **
 * __ State of Indiana v. Latine Marie Gordon Davidson __** ** Drowned her four children in a bath tub and was only charged for two, was given a sentence for 120 years and will be released in 2065. **
 * __ State of Indiana v. Russell Ernest Boyd __** ** After the rape the beating the murder and the theft of ** Judy Falkenstein, Boyd escaped the death penalty and received 80 years. (2022)
 * __ State of Indiana v. Edward Coffin and Toots Long __** On June 4, 1934 Scott County Deputy Sheriff Harold Amick was shot to death while looking for chicken thieves near Underwood. Deputy Amick had mistakenly confronted a group of men who were on the run from an earlier shooting in Seymour. Only person to receive the death penalty in Indiana.

Atkins v. Virginia: Set precedent saying execution of mentaly retarded people is cruel and unusual.

By a vote of 5-4, the U.S. Supreme Court on March 1, 2005 held that the Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments forbid the execution of offenders who were under the age of 18 when their crimes were committed.

Stanford v. Kentucky, (1989), that the execution of 16- and 17-year-old offenders was not constitutionally allowed.

Court overruled its decision in Stanford, thereby setting the minimum age for eligibility for the death penalty at 18.

Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments forbid the execution of offenders who were under the age of 18 when their crimes were committed.

A heinous crime is an impulsive act, and fear of a possible death penalty will, in most cases, not keep the person from committing the crime, especially considering young people tend to be far more impulsive than adults.


 * Only seven countries still execute minors.**

The United States and Somalia -- refuse to execute youthful offenders

"cruel and unusual punishment," which is prohibited under the Eighth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. (This is what keeps people under the age of 18 from being executed.)

19 states in the US (None of which is Maryland) allow the death penalty for crimes committed as minors.


 * Executing people for crimes they committed as 16- and 17-year-olds violates widely accepted human rights norms.** ||